What is Laryngeal Papillomatosis?

Laryngeal papillomatosis is a disease characterized by wart-like growths on the larynx and vocal cords caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). This is the same virus that causes cervical cancer. Although these growths are usually benign, they can seriously affect voice quality and in some cases cause breathing difficulties. These papillomas, which have the same structure as warts, can appear not only on the surface of the skin but also in the respiratory tract.

Who is affected by Laryngeal Papillomatosis?

This disease can occur in both children and adults:

  • In children Mostly occurs in children under 5 years of age. This form, called juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis, is more severe and affects boys and girls equally.
  • Adults: It is more common in the 30-40 age group and is more common in men.

What Causes Laryngeal Papillomatosis?

Laryngeal papillomatosis is a consequence of HPV infection:

  • In children: It is transmitted to the baby when it passes through the vaginal canal of an infected mother during childbirth.
  • Adults: Risk factors include sexual transmission, such as oral sex and multiple partners.

What are the Symptoms of Laryngeal Papillomatosis?

Symptoms vary according to the size and location of the growths. The most common symptoms are:

  1. Hoarseness: A weak or breathy voice is one of the most common complaints.
  2. Shortness of breath: Difficulty and wheezing due to narrowing of the airway.
  3. Chronic cough: Persistent coughing is a common symptom.
  4. In severe cases: Growths can spread to the trachea or lungs, which can lead to respiratory failure and pneumonia.

How is Laryngeal Papillomatosis Diagnosed?

Laryngeal papillomatosis is usually diagnosed by

  • Fiberoptic Laryngoscopy: This procedure, performed through the nose with a thin camera, provides clear visualization of the larynx and vocal cords.
  • Biopsy :A sample taken from the growths is tested for HPV and a definitive diagnosis is made.

How is Laryngeal Papillomatosis Treated?

How to Treat in Outpatient Clinic Conditions without Surgery?

Thanks to the technologies developed in recent years, non-surgical methods have gained an important place in the treatment of laryngeal papillomatosis. In these methods, which are applied in an outpatient setting, patients can be treated without the need for general anesthesia. This approach speeds up the recovery process after the procedure and reduces the risk of complications.

In outpatient settings, treatment involves the precise removal of papillomas from the vocal cords using a special device. The procedure is usually performed as follows:

  1. Patient Preparation: Local anesthesia is applied to ensure that the patient is comfortable during the procedure.
  2. Removal of Papillomas: The areas where the papillomas are located are precisely cleaned under camera guidance. In this process, only papillomas are targeted and surrounding healthy tissues are protected.
  3. Fast Recovery: The procedure usually takes 15-20 minutes and the patient can return to normal life the same day.

This method provides an important advantage for patients as it preserves the natural structure of the vocal cords and does not require general anesthesia. These procedures, which are performed under outpatient clinic conditions, improve the quality of life, especially in cases of frequent recurrence.

When is Laser Surgery Necessary?

Surgery is still the primary treatment in advanced cases. By carefully removing the growths on the vocal cords, the airways are opened and voice quality is improved. As a less invasive option, microdebrider surgery is an effective method to preserve voice quality.

What Are the Medical Treatments for Laryngeal Papillomatosis?

Supportive therapies used in addition to surgery include

  • Bevacizumab (Avastin): This drug prevents the growth of papillomas and is particularly effective in cases of rapid recurrence.
  • Antiviral Drugs: May be used in severe cases.
  • Interferon Therapy: An immunomodulatory treatment that reduces papilloma growth.

Can Laryngeal Papillomatosis be Managed Well?

Laryngeal papillomatosis is a disease that can seriously affect quality of life if left untreated. However, thanks to modern treatment methods, it is possible to manage this disease. Especially non-surgical methods applied in outpatient clinic conditions both increase patient comfort and provide a rapid recovery. If you or someone close to you is experiencing symptoms such as hoarseness or shortness of breath, it is important to contact a specialist and focus on early diagnosis and treatment.

Call Now Button